Deep Dive into Fresh Water Pumps for Campers, RVs, and Vans
Greetings, road adventurers! Whether you're an old hat at life on the road or just starting to plan your first journey, ensuring you have a fresh, clean water supply is a cornerstone of any successful expedition. In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into the world of fresh water pumps, a critical component of your camper, RV, or van. We'll explore both electrical and mechanical pump types and recommend some top-rated products in various price ranges.
What is a Fresh Water Pump?
A fresh water pump, often called a demand pump, is the heart of your RV, camper, or van's plumbing system. It functions by pumping water from your onboard storage tank and supplying it under pressure to your kitchen faucet, shower, or any other plumbing fixture when you turn them on.
Fresh water pumps can be divided into two main categories: electrical and mechanical. Let's dive in and see how they differ.
Installing, Running, and Maintaining Fresh Water Pumps
A fresh water pump's utility goes beyond just being a mere component of your RV, camper, or van. A well-chosen pump that's properly installed, run, and maintained will serve you faithfully on countless adventures. Check our 101 article on RV plumbing.
Let's explore what it takes to manage each type of pump.
Electrical Pumps
Installation: Electrical pump installation typically involves mounting the pump to a secure, stable surface, then connecting it to your water tank and electrical system. These connections usually include a supply line from the tank, a pressure line to the fixtures, and a power line to your RV's 12V system. Make sure the pump is installed in a location that’s easy to access for maintenance and troubleshooting.
Running: When the pump is correctly installed and connected, running it is as easy as flipping a switch. It will activate automatically when a faucet is opened and stop when the faucet is closed. The built-in pressure switch facilitates this operation. For optimal running, keep an eye on the water levels in your tank to prevent the pump from running dry, which can cause damage.
Maintenance: Regular maintenance of an electric pump includes inspecting for leaks, cleaning the strainer, and winterizing the system when it's not in use. It's also essential to periodically check the pump's diaphragm and valves for wear or damage, as these are crucial for the pump's proper functioning.
Mechanical Pumps
Installation: Mechanical pumps are often easier to install, as they don't require a power source. The pump is typically mounted on or near the sink, with a supply line connected to the water tank. It's crucial to ensure all connections are secure to prevent air leaks, which can hinder the pump's operation.
Running: Running a mechanical pump requires manual effort. You need to physically pump a handle to draw water from the tank. While this may seem laborious, it's often surprisingly efficient and a reliable way to access water when power isn't available.
Maintenance: Mechanical pumps tend to require less maintenance than their electrical counterparts. Regular inspections for leaks and the condition of the seal around the pump handle should be done. It's also a good idea to ensure the pump handle moves smoothly, applying lubricant if necessary.
Key Considerations for Choosing and Using Fresh Water Pumps
Water Demand: The number of water fixtures and the concurrent water demand in your RV, camper, or van will determine the capacity and flow rate you need in a pump. A larger vehicle with several fixtures may require a pump with a higher flow rate and pressure.
Power Availability: While electrical pumps offer convenience, they're dependent on your vehicle's electrical system. If you frequently camp off-grid and power conservation is a concern, a mechanical pump may be a better fit.
Noise Level: Some electric pumps can be noisy when running, which could disturb the peace and quiet of your camping experience. Look for pumps marketed as quiet or those with noise-dampening features.
Ease of Maintenance: Maintenance needs can vary between pump models and types. Consider how much time and effort you're willing to invest in maintaining your pump.
Budget: Your budget will undoubtedly play a role in your pump choice. Fortunately, options are available across a wide price range, allowing you to find a pump that fits your needs without breaking the bank.
Redundancy: It's always a good idea to have a backup plan. Even if you primarily rely on an electric pump, having a mechanical pump as a backup can provide peace of mind.
Remember, taking the time to understand your needs and carefully choosing, installing, running, and maintaining your fresh water pump can significantly enhance your RV, camper, or van experience.
Electrical Pumps
Electrical pumps, specifically 12-volt DC pumps, are the standard in most recreational vehicles today. They function through an electric motor that drives a diaphragm, pumping water from your storage tank to your fixtures on demand. The advantage of an electric pump is its ability to automatically respond to pressure changes, turning on and off as needed when you open or close a faucet.
Best Reviewed Products for Electrical Pumps:
1. Budget Pick: Shurflo 2088-554-144 Fresh Water Pump
At a modest price, this pump delivers a robust performance that punches above its weight. It provides 3.5 gallons per minute (GPM) and a 45 PSI, making it ideal for smaller or single-fixture RVs or campers. Moreover, its compact design allows it to fit perfectly in tighter spaces.
2. Mid-Range Pick: SEAFLO 55-Series Industrial Water Pressure Pump
For a mid-range price, this pump offers a reliable and quiet operation with a flow rate of 5.5 GPM. It also has a built-in adjustable pressure switch, which can be set from 17 to 60 PSI, according to your needs. An added benefit is its self-priming feature, making it a handy tool for any traveler.
3. Premium Pick: Remco 55-AQUAJET ARV Aquajet RV Water Pump
This top-of-the-line model is renowned for its superior flow rates of up to 5.3 GPM and pressure up to 75 PSI. It also boasts a 'soft start' feature that reduces unwanted cycling and extends the life of the pump. Although it comes with a heftier price tag, its performance and durability make it a long-term investment.
Mechanical Pumps
Mechanical pumps, on the other hand, are manually operated. They require physical effort to pump the water from the tank to your fixture. While they're not as convenient as electric pumps, they are an invaluable backup in the case of an electrical system failure or for those who prefer to stay off-grid.
Best Reviewed Products for Mechanical Pumps:
1. Budget Pick: Valterra - RP800 Rocket Hand Pump
This wallet-friendly option is simple and efficient, providing access to fresh water without relying on electricity. Constructed of durable plastic, it's designed for longevity and can serve as a reliable backup system.
2. Mid-Range Pick: Whale GP0650 V Pump Hand-Operated Galley Pump
Stepping up the ladder, the Whale GP0650 offers superior ergonomics and a sleek design. Its angled top ensures smooth water flow and ease of operation, making it a practical
and visually pleasing addition to your camper or van.
3. Premium Pick: Whale GP0551 Gusher Galley MK3 Foot-Operated Manual Pump
The Whale GP0551 stands out with its top-notch build quality, incorporating a sturdy construction for heavy use. Although it's the priciest on the list, its durability and ease of use make it worth the splurge.
What kind of piping should be used with fresh water pumps?
Choosing the right piping for your fresh water pump system is as important as selecting the pump itself. The right pipes ensure a leak-free system, optimal water pressure, and a long lifespan for your entire water system.
Most RV, camper, and van water systems use plastic pipes, particularly PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) pipes. These pipes are resistant to both cold and hot temperatures, do not corrode, and have a relatively high-pressure rating. They're also easier to install and repair, due to the availability of "push-fit" or "crimp" type fittings.
Here are some factors to consider when choosing pipes for your fresh water pump:
Pipe Material: As mentioned, PEX is the most common and recommended material for water system pipes. However, other materials like PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) are also options. While PVC is generally cheaper and easier to work with, it's less resistant to temperature changes. CPVC, on the other hand, can handle higher temperatures but is more expensive.
Pipe Size: The size of your pipes can impact the pressure and flow rate of your water system. Most RV, camper, and van water systems use 1/2-inch or 3/8-inch pipes. While larger pipes can accommodate higher flow rates, they may also reduce the system's pressure. The ideal size will depend on your specific system and needs.
Fittings and Connectors: These are crucial for connecting different sections of pipe or attaching your pipes to your pump and other fixtures. Ensure that your fittings are compatible with your chosen pipe size and material.
Pipe Insulation: If you'll be camping in cold weather, consider insulating your pipes to prevent them from freezing. Various types of insulation are available, including foam pipe insulation and heat tape.
Flexibility: Some pipes, like PEX, are more flexible and easier to route around corners or obstacles. This flexibility can be advantageous in the compact and often complex layout of an RV, camper, or van.
Remember, a well-designed and properly installed water system can enhance your comfort and convenience on your adventures, so it's worth investing time and effort into choosing the right components. Always ensure your system's installation complies with relevant safety standards and regulations.
Do you need a water filter with a fresh water pump?
While it's not a requirement, having a water filter for your RV, camper, or van is highly recommended. The quality of water can vary greatly depending on your source. It may contain harmful bacteria, heavy metals, or other contaminants that can adversely affect your health and even damage your vehicle's plumbing system.
A water filter helps ensure that the water you consume, whether for drinking, cooking, or bathing, is safe. It can remove a variety of pollutants, including sediments, chlorine, lead, and bacteria, improving the water's taste and odor in the process.
Additionally, using a water filter can extend the life of your freshwater pump. Sediment and other particles in unfiltered water can cause wear and tear on your pump and other components of your water system, leading to earlier than-necessary replacements or repairs.
When choosing a water filter, consider the following factors:
Filter Type: Various types of water filters are available, including sediment filters, activated carbon filters, and ceramic filters, among others. Some systems may incorporate multiple filter types for comprehensive filtration.
Filter Lifespan: The lifespan of a filter is generally measured by the amount of water it can filter before it needs to be replaced. This can range from a few hundred to several thousand gallons, depending on the filter type and quality.
Installation and Maintenance: Some filters can be easily attached to your water hose, while others may require more complex installation. Also, consider how easy it is to clean or replace the filter and whether replacement filters are readily available.
Contaminant Removal: Not all filters remove the same types of contaminants. Check the filter's specifications to ensure it removes the specific contaminants you're concerned about.
For example, the Camco 40043 TastePure RV/Marine Water Filter is a popular choice among RV and camper owners. It's a carbon filter that's attached directly to your water hose, making installation a breeze. It can effectively reduce bad taste, odor, chlorine, and sediment in drinking water, and comes with a flexible hose protector to reduce strain on your connections.
Remember, while a water filter is an added expense, the benefits to your health and your vehicle's water system can make it a worthwhile investment.
Wrapping Up
To wrap up, the choice of a fresh water pump will largely depend on your specific needs and the kind of camper, RV, or van experience you're seeking. Whether you're leaning towards an electric or a mechanical pump, always consider factors like the size of your water system, power availability, your budget, and personal preference.